Introduction: a few days ago, Professor Kang Chongqing, Dean of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Applied Electronics and Director of the Institute of Energy Internet Innovation of Tsinghua University, was invited by China Economic Information Service of Xinhua News and the Institute of Quantitative and Technological Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences to the "Xinhua Energy Salon", and put forward targeted policy recommendations in view of the difficulties and challenges in the transformation and development of the energy industry.

Xinhua News, Beijing, March 4 (Liang Xiaoyun and Xie Rongfei) To meet the carbon peaking and carbon neutralizing targets, energy system transformation is very important. At the recent "Xinhua Energy Salon", experts suggested that efforts should be made inmultiple links of source grid load storage to promote clean energy production, efficient energy utilization and carbon emission reduction in energy and power systems without degrading the energy security or significantly increasing the cost.

Carbon dioxide emission from China energy consumption is about 85% of total carbon dioxide emission, and electric power carbon dioxide emission is about 40% of carbon dioxide emission generated by energy consumption, therefore, energy and electricity play an important role in carbon emission reduction. "The key to the transformation of the energy system depends on how the power system is transformed," said Zeng Ming, director of the Energy Internet Research Center of North China Electric Power University, energy and power systems should be cleaned, integrated, intelligentized, and decentralized. To be cleaned requires a decline in the proportion of fossil energy and an increase in the proportion of renewable energy represented by wind energy and solar energy; to be integrated requires horizontal complementary of energy sources such as cold, heat, electricity and gas, and vertical source grid load-storage linkage operation; to be intelligentized requires to accelerate the application of digital technologies in the energy field and deepen the integration of energy revolution and digital revolution, and to be decentralized is the coordinated operation of centralized and distributed energy, and the coexistence of general energy and power system balance and decentralized micro-balance.

"How to achieve the goal of carbon emission peaking and carbon neutralizing under the premise of ensuring energy supply security and economic affordability without sacrificing the quality and speed of development is a problem of optimization with constraints," said Liu Qiang, Director of the Energy Security and New Energy Research Office of the Institute of Quantitative and Technological Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and transforming the pressure on the goal of carbon neutralization into an opportunity for the development of energy industry technologies and new energy business forms, and into the force to drive the industry upgrade of China economy is the key to achieving the goal of carbon neutralization.

Many experts suggested making effort in multiple links of source grid load storage to promote carbon emission reduction in the energy and power systems by combinative means.

On the power side, it's a general trend to enlarge the proportion of renewable energy. Kang Chongqing, Dean of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Applied Electronics, Tsinghua University and Director of the Energy Internet Innovation Research Institute of Tsinghua University, believes that increasing the proportion of renewable energy power generation is the decisive factor to achieve carbon emission peaking, and it is necessary to promote the large-scale development of wind power both on land and at sea, vigorously develop photovoltaic power generation, develop photothermal power generation technology in appropriate places, and make use of the stable, controllable and adjustable characteristics of photothermal power generation to help consume highly random wind power and photovoltaic energies.

"For the clean development of coal-fired power, we should speed up the research on carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage technologies, collect the vast majority of carbon emissions from power plants for utilization or storage treatment, effectively reduce the carbon dioxide directly discharged into the atmosphere, and control the cost in a reasonable range through advanced technologies", said Kang Chongqing.

On the grid side, we should utilize the platform and hub functions to improve the level of renewable energy consumption. Kang Chongqing suggested that on the one hand, cross-regional and cross-provincial power grids should be used for long-distance transmission of new energy power, and on the other hand, power grids should be used to achieve cross-regional complementaryand mutual support, so as to reduce the installation demand of the entire power system and improve the security level of the system.

On the load side, the rigid growth mode of power load should be changed to make the load "elastic" and "adjustable". "We need to promote the development of energy Internet to meet the energy and electricity needs of users in the form of integrated energy services," said Kang Chongqing.

On the energy storage side, it is necessary to promote the rational allocation and efficient operation of energy storage. Zeng Ming suggested strengthening the research on the coordinated planning of energy storage and source grid load, guiding the rational distribution and orderly development of energy storage, promoting the construction of Internet + energy storage, innovating the system and mechanism of energy storage operation, and maximizing the consumption capacity of energy storage to renewable energy.

It is worth noting that in order to do well in carbon neutralization, full attention should be paid to the "high carbon locking" effect. "The use of fossil energy has an investment locking effect. For example, the coal-fired power plants currently under construction will not be decommissioned within 40 years at least, and the cost on the production line of fuel vehicles will not be recovered within10 or 20 years. The higher the peak, the more difficult it will be to achieve carbon neutrality in the future," said Pan Jiahua, a member of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Director of the Sustainable Development Research Center, there is a need to correct the misconception that the higher the peak value of carbon reduction, the larger room for development, and then the heavy use of fossil energy. In order to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization by 2060, the peak of carbon emissions should be controlled at a low level as far as possible and the peak should be reached as soon as possible.

Xinhua Energy Salon is jointly hosted by China Economic Information Service of Xinhua News and the Institute of Quantitative and Technological Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The host will organize salons regularly and invite famous experts and scholars to discuss hot issues in the energy industry, so as to promote the high-quality development of the energy industry.

Reprint statement | This article is reproduced from the official account of "Xinhua News"