时间：2026年8月5日（周三）14:00-16:00

地点：西主楼会议室2-203

题目：下一代光伏技术：热载流子与其制造技术Next-Generation Photovoltaics: Hot Carriers and Manufacturing

报告人：Robert Hoye教授

报告简介

金属卤化物钙钛矿在单结光伏电池及叠层太阳能电池中的转换效率均实现了快速提升。在本次演讲中，我将重点探讨我们工作的两个领域：1）通过控制热载流子寿命突破辐射极限效率的可能性；2）利用空间原子层沉积（SALD）技术制造基于钙钛矿的叠层太阳能电池中间层。

在热载流子方面，我们研究了缺陷对冷却速率的作用。特别是，卤化物钙钛矿对“冷载流子”的缺陷容忍性，常常被归因于其尽管采用简易方法加工却仍能具备卓越性能的关键原因。利用“泵浦-推动-探测”光谱学技术（Pump-push-probe spectroscopy），我们证明了这种缺陷容忍性同样适用于“热载流子”，并且热声子瓶颈（Hot phonon bottleneck）可以通过直接弛豫至深陷阱态来克服。此外，在研究 BiSBr 体系时，我们发现了一个惊人的现象：跃迁能级位于导带内部的缺陷可以通过形成“缺陷束缚热极化子”（Defect bound hot polarons），从而减缓热载流子的冷却。这导致了高于带隙的发光现象，并证明了载流子的局域化可以由硫空位的引入引发，而不仅仅是材料本身固有的特性。

在 SALD 方面，我们证明了该方法能够复制原子层沉积（ALD）的纳米级精度，但沉积速率提高了两个数量级，且无需真空环境。SALD 制造工艺是我们初创公司（NanoPrint Innovations Ltd）的核心业务，能够实现从实验室规模（2英寸沉积宽幅）到工业规模（12英寸沉积宽幅）的均匀 ALD 质量薄膜。我将重点介绍我们关于 SALD 氧化物用作透明导电氧化物（TCO）以及防潮阻隔层的相关工作，以推动金属卤化物钙钛矿在叠层光伏电池中的应用。

Metal-halide perovskites have demonstrated rapid rises in efficiency, not only in single-junction photovoltaics, but also tandem solar cells. In this talk, I will cover our work on two areas: 1) the possibility of exceeding the radiative limit in efficiency through control over the lifetime of hot carriers, and 2) manufacturing of the interlayers in perovskite-based tandem solar cells using spatial atomic layer deposition (SALD).

For hot carriers, we examine the role of defects on the cooling rate. In particular, the defect tolerance of halide perovskites to cold carriers has been often cited as a key reason behind their exceptional performance, despite being processed using facile methods. Using pump-push-probe spectroscopy, we show that this defect tolerance also extends to hot carriers, and that the hot phonon bottleneck could be overcome through direct relaxation into deep traps. Further, in examining the BiSBr system, we make the surprising discovery that defects with transition levels within the conduction band can slow down hot carrier cooling through the formation of defect bound hot polarons. This leads to above-bandgap photoluminescence, and demonstrates how carrier localization can arise with the introduction of sulfur vacancies, rather than solely being an intrinsic property of the material.

For SALD, we show that this is a way to replicate the nanoscale precision of atomic layer deposition, but with two orders of magnitude higher deposition rate, and without need for vacuum. SALD manufacturing is the focus of our startup (NanoPrint Innovations Ltd), which can achieve uniform ALD-quality films from the lab-scale (2” width deposition areas) to industry-scale (12” wide deposition areas). I will speak about our work on the application of SALD oxides as transparent conducting oxides and moisture barrier layers for the application of metal-halide perovskites in tandem photovoltaics.

报告人简介

罗伯特 霍依教授现任牛津大学材料化学教授、英国皇家工程院研究讲席教授（Royal Academy of Engineering Research Chair），同时也是牛津大学圣约翰学院（St. John’s College）的研究员。霍依教授于剑桥大学获得博士学位（2012–2014年），随后在麻省理工学院（MIT）从事博士后研究（2015–2016年），之后重返剑桥大学担任学院研究员（2016–2019年）。2020年，他加入伦敦帝国理工学院担任讲师，并于2022年8月晋升为高级讲师。2022年10月，他调任牛津大学担任副教授，并于2026年晋升为正教授。

霍依教授的研究团队致力于开发用于能源领域的无机半导体，包括金属卤化物钙钛矿纳米晶体，以及无铅类钙钛矿新材料的发现。其团队的研究跨越了从基础理论（包括光谱学与计算）到材料合成，及其在光伏、发光二极管（LED）和探测器中的实际应用。

霍依教授荣获了欧洲材料研究学会（E-MRS）颁发的 2026年 EU-40 奖，以及英国皇家化学会（RSC）颁发的 2024年Beilby奖章及奖金（Beilby Medal and Prize）。他同时兼任 NanoPrint Innovations Ltd 的首席技术官。

Robert Hoye is Professor of Materials Chemistry and Royal Academy of Engineering Research Chair at the University of Oxford, where he is also a Fellow of St. John’s College. Prof. Hoye completed his PhD at the University of Cambridge (2012-2014), followed by a postdoc at MIT (2015-2016), before returning to the University of Cambridge as a College Research Fellow (2016-2019). In 2020, he moved to Imperial College London as a Lecturer, then Senior Lecturer (Aug. 2022 -). In Oct. 2022, he moved to Oxford as Associate Professor, and was promoted to full Professor in 2026. Prof. Hoye’s group focuses on developing inorganic semiconductors for energy applications, including metal-halide perovskite nanocrystals, and discovery of lead-free perovskite-inspired materials. His group’s research spans from fundamentals (including spectroscopy and computations) to materials synthesis and applications in photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes and detectors.

Prof. Hoye was awarded the 2026 EU-40 Prize from the E-MRS, and the 2024 RSC Beilby Medal and Prize from the RSC. He is CTO of NanoPrint Innovations Ltd.